{"id":18678,"date":"2022-06-23T11:31:29","date_gmt":"2022-06-23T09:31:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.coffeedesk.pl\/blog\/?p=18678"},"modified":"2022-07-06T14:06:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-06T12:06:07","slug":"coffee-culture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.coffeedesk.pl\/blog\/coffee-culture\/","title":{"rendered":"Kultura kawowa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kultura kawowa to bardzo z\u0142o\u017cone poj\u0119cie i w\u0142a\u015bciwie do pewnego stopnia umowne. Trudno doszuka\u0107 si\u0119 tego zjawiska w dawnej Polsce, bo chocia\u017c kawiarnie powstawa\u0142y u nas ju\u017c na pocz\u0105tku poprzedniego wieku, to kultura kawowa nie wesz\u0142a specjalnie w polsk\u0105 krew. Wyj\u015bcie do kawiarni nie nale\u017ca\u0142o do codziennych nawyk\u00f3w Polak\u00f3w. Czym w\u0142a\u015bciwie jest tytu\u0142owa \u201ecoffee culture\u201d? To zbi\u00f3r tradycji i zachowa\u0144 spo\u0142ecznych, kr\u0105\u017c\u0105cych wok\u00f3\u0142 praktyki picia kawy, a kt\u00f3re cz\u0119sto bior\u0105 swoje \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o z kultury danego narodu lub na ni\u0105 wp\u0142ywaj\u0105. To dzia\u0142ania kojarzone ze spotkaniami towarzyskimi, przerw\u0105 w pracy czy przestrzeni\u0105 mi\u0119dzy prac\u0105 a domem. Wsp\u00f3lnym mianownikiem jest zawsze czarny napar.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n


\n<\/b>Pocz\u0105tki kawowej kultury<\/b><\/h3>\n


\n<\/b>Historia kawowej kultury idzie rami\u0119 w rami\u0119 z ewolucj\u0105 kawy. \u015awiadome jej spo\u017cywanie si\u0119ga prawdopodobnie XV wieku. Wtedy to kaw\u0119 importowano z Etiopii do Jemenu, gdzie\u00a0 kawowy napar wykorzystywano do religijnych obrz\u0119d\u00f3w jeme\u0144skich sufich. Z Jemenu kawa rozpowszechni\u0142a si\u0119 wpierw w p\u00f3\u0142nocnej cz\u0119\u015bci Afryki, a nast\u0119pnie trafi\u0142a na tereny dzisiejszej Turcji. Tam zasiadano przy paleniskach, by parzy\u0107 kaw\u0119 w gor\u0105cym piasku (wraz z kardamonem). Nap\u00f3j towarzyszy\u0142 pogaw\u0119dkom tureckiej spo\u0142eczno\u015bci. W XVI wieku kawa zyska\u0142a popularno\u015b\u0107 w Europie: od W\u0142och, przez Wiede\u0144, do Holandii, sk\u0105d moda na czarne z\u0142oto dotar\u0142a do Indii. W Europie \u2013 wraz z pojawianiem si\u0119 kawy \u2013 zacz\u0119\u0142y powstawa\u0107\u00a0 kawiarnie, najszybciej w Anglii, kt\u00f3ra w ko\u0144cu XVI stulecia szczyci\u0142a si\u0119 3000 miejsc do raczenia si\u0119 tym trunkiem. Przez kolejne wieki s\u0142awa kawy nios\u0142a si\u0119 po ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie, a kawiarniana kultura w Europie ewoluowa\u0142a.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Co kraj, to kawowy obyczaj<\/b>
\n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Kawiarnie sta\u0142y si\u0119 miejscami do przesiadywania i dyskutowania. Nale\u017ca\u0142y do ulubionych miejsc inteligenckiej \u015bmietanki i artystycznej bohemy. To w wiede\u0144skich kawiarniach Mozart komponowa\u0142 swoje symfonie. Paryskie Les Deux Magots (obecnie niezwykle popularna turystycznie lokalizacja) \u015bci\u0105ga\u0142o do siebie m.in. Jeana-Paula Sartre\u2019a, Simone de Beauvoir czy Ernesta Hemingwaya. Wraz ze wzrostem popularno\u015bci w\u0142oskiego espresso (ale i wp\u0142ywu wojen na \u017cycie spo\u0142eczne) kawiarnie stawa\u0142y si\u0119 punktami, w kt\u00f3rych ludzie zdobywali i przekazywali sobie informacje na temat tego, co dzieje si\u0119 w kraju lub na froncie. Po II wojnie \u015bwiatowej w\u0142oskie espresso pijano na stoj\u0105co, tu\u017c przed prac\u0105 lub do lektury porannej gazety. W \u201eswinguj\u0105cym\u201d Londynie lat 60. w barach espresso gromadzi\u0142a si\u0119 m\u0142odzie\u017c i tworzy\u0142y si\u0119 subkultury mods\u00f3w i rockers\u00f3w. Z kolei w Stanach Zjednoczonych rodzi\u0142a si\u0119 tak zwana \u201ecoffee break\u201d, czyli po prostu przerwa na kaw\u0119, do kt\u00f3rej namawia\u0142y kampanie firmy Maxwell House. Przerwa odbywa\u0142a si\u0119 w godzinach pracy i dawa\u0142a szans\u0119, by wyj\u015b\u0107 do kawiarni i lu\u017ano porozmawia\u0107. W latach 90. dobrze zobrazowa\u0142 to serial \u201ePrzyjaciele\u201d z ich serialow\u0105 kawiarni\u0105 Central Perk. Coffee breakiem jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c szwedzka \u201efika\u201d, przerwa na kaw\u0119 i ciastko, kt\u00f3ra sta\u0142a si\u0119 codzienno\u015bci\u0105 Szwed\u00f3w ju\u017c w czasach I wojny \u015bwiatowej.<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n


\n<\/span>Coffee culture wsp\u00f3\u0142cze\u015bnie<\/b>
\n<\/b><\/h3>\n

Rozw\u00f3j kawiarni sieciowych zapocz\u0105tkowa\u0142 na \u015bwiecie nowe trendy. Kawiarnie zacz\u0119\u0142y by\u0107 projektowane coraz cz\u0119\u015bciej z my\u015bl\u0105 o sferze biznesowej, a spotkania przeradza\u0107 si\u0119 w prac\u0119 z komputerem. Dobrze ilustruje to przyk\u0142ad coffeedeskowych kawiarni, gdzie w ka\u017cdej nowej lokalizacji powstaj\u0105 miejsca przeznaczone do pracy. Chocia\u017c nadal mn\u00f3stwo litr\u00f3w kawy sprzedaje si\u0119 do kubk\u00f3w na wynos dla ludzi w po\u015bpiechu, to jednak cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 kawowej kultury odpowiedzialna jest za zwolnienie tempa. Wszystkie alternatywne sposoby parzenia kawy wymagaj\u0105 przecie\u017c wi\u0119cej czasu na przygotowanie, a samo picie przeradza si\u0119 w rytua\u0142 \u2013 nie tylko w kawiarniach, ale r\u00f3wnie\u017c w domach.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n


\n<\/span>Kawowa kultura w liczbach i fun-factach<\/b>
\n<\/b><\/h3>\n

W Japonii import kawy w latach 70. i 80. wzr\u00f3s\u0142 z 89 ton do 194. Albania posiada najwi\u0119ksze zag\u0119szczenie kawiarni na 1 mieszka\u0144ca: na 100 tys. os\u00f3b przypada 654 kawiarni. We W\u0142oszech uwa\u017ca si\u0119, \u017ce picie cappuccino po 11 rano to przypa\u0142, a za najbardziej\u00a0 \u201eexpressowe\u201d miasto uznaje si\u0119 Triest, kt\u00f3rego mieszka\u0144cy wypijaj\u0105 \u015brednio 1500 fili\u017canek na g\u0142ow\u0119 w ci\u0105gu roku, czyli dwukrotnie wi\u0119cej ni\u017c przeci\u0119tny W\u0142och. W Hong Kongu bardzo popularna jest Yuenyeung \u2013 herbata aromatyzowana kaw\u0105 (patrz: produkty miesi\u0105ca).<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Przysz\u0142o\u015b\u0107 (w teorii) kultury kawowej<\/b>
\n<\/span><\/h3>\n

W obecnych czasach \u2013 tak, jak ju\u017c wspomina\u0142em \u2013 kawiarnie wci\u0105\u017c s\u0142u\u017c\u0105 jako miejsce pracy lub spotka\u0144 biznesowych. Sam wystr\u00f3j (chocia\u017c r\u00f3\u017cnie to bywa) cz\u0119sto przypomina laboratorium barist\u00f3w ni\u017c przytuln\u0105, kanapow\u0105 kawiarni\u0119 rodem z serialu. Z jednej strony w Polsce coraz bardziej docenia si\u0119 przestrze\u0144 kawiarnian\u0105 jako sfer\u0119 odpoczynku, oderwania od szybkiego tempa codziennej pracy czy \u017cycia. Z drugiej\u00a0 \u2013 patrz\u0105c chocia\u017cby na rozw\u00f3j mikrokawiarni w Korei Po\u0142udniowej, gdzie w ma\u0142ym miejscu jest niewielki piec, 6-8 miejsc siedz\u0105cych, ekspres stoi sam na \u015brodku, a przestrze\u0144 wygl\u0105da jak odarta z emocji \u2013 wida\u0107, \u017ce ten trend przechodzi r\u00f3wnie\u017c do Europy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dbajmy o nasz\u0105 kultur\u0119 kawow\u0105, nawiedzaj\u0105c ma\u0142e i du\u017ce polskie kawiarnie. A doceniaj\u0105c przyjemno\u015b\u0107 p\u0142yn\u0105c\u0105 z picia kawy, cieszmy si\u0119 czasem wolnym.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Kuba<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kultura kawowa to bardzo z\u0142o\u017cone poj\u0119cie i w\u0142a\u015bciwie do pewnego stopnia umowne. Trudno doszuka\u0107 si\u0119 tego zjawiska w dawnej Polsce, bo chocia\u017c kawiarnie powstawa\u0142y u nas ju\u017c na pocz\u0105tku poprzedniego…<\/div>\n
Czytaj wpis<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"featured_media":18754,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,47],"tags":[],"powerkit_post_featured":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18678","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-dookola-swiata","8":"category-lifestyle"},"acf":[],"author_display_name":"Kuba Kalusi\u0144ski","author_url":"https:\/\/www.coffeedesk.pl\/blog\/author\/kuba-kalusinski\/","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.coffeedesk.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/52159872289_b45100c481_c.jpg","post_tags":[],"post_categories":["Dooko\u0142a \u015bwiata","Lifestyle"],"yoast_head":"\nKultura kawowa - Blog Coffeedesk.pl<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Coffee culture to zbi\u00f3r tradycji i zachowa\u0144 spo\u0142ecznych, kr\u0105\u017c\u0105cych wok\u00f3\u0142 praktyki picia kawy. 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